Standards for dealing with article withdrawal, article retraction, article remocal, and article replacement on HEBR Journal Policy can be found here. Article Withdrawal Policy As a principle of scholarly publishing, the Editor-in-Chief of Hasanuddin Economics and Business Review holds full and independent responsibility for determining which submitted manuscripts are suitable for publication. This decision is guided by the policies of the Editorial Board and must comply with prevailing legal requirements regarding defamation, copyright infringement, and plagiarism. Maintaining the integrity of the scholarly record is paramount. Once published, articles are considered part of the permanent academic archive and are expected to remain intact and unaltered. Nonetheless, there may be exceptional circumstances that warrant withdrawal, retraction, or removal of a published article. These actions are not taken lightly and will only be applied under extraordinary conditions, following internationally accepted standards and best practices such as those set by the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE). HEBR archives all versions of articles, including retracted and removed items, in its official repository.

Withdrawal is applicable only to Articles in Press, i.e., manuscripts that have been accepted but not yet formally published and assigned to a specific issue and volume. Withdrawal may occur for the following reasons: • Accidental duplicate submission, • Major technical or factual errors discovered post-acceptance, • Ethical violations, such as plagiarism, fraudulent data, or false authorship claims. In such cases, the article's content (HTML and PDF) will be replaced by a notice stating that the article has been withdrawn in accordance with HEBR's withdrawal policy, including a link to this policy page. Authors must formally request the withdrawal in writing, signed by all co-authors, with a clear justification.

Retraction may be initiated when published articles are found to contain: • Serious ethical breaches (e.g., plagiarism, data falsification, authorship disputes), • Multiple submissions to different journals, • Honest errors that substantially affect the reliability of the results. The retraction process adheres to COPE’s Retraction Guidelines and includes: • A formal Retraction Note, titled “Retraction: [Article Title]”, published in a subsequent issue of the journal and listed in the table of contents; • The retraction note links to the original article; • The online article is preceded by a screen containing the retraction note, which users must view before accessing the article; • The PDF of the original article remains accessible but watermarked on every page with the label “RETRACTED”; • The HTML version, if any, is removed.

In extremely rare cases, it may be necessary to remove an article from the online system, such as when: • The content is found to be defamatory or legally infringing, • There is a court order requiring removal, • The article poses a serious risk to public safety or health. In these instances, while the article metadata (title and author names) will be preserved, the content will be replaced with a note stating that the article has been removed for legal reasons.

In cases where a published article may present a significant health or safety risk, authors may propose a corrected version. Upon approval by the editorial board, the flawed article will be retracted, and a revised version will be published with appropriate cross-linking and a documented history of the correction.