Politic Ecology and Sustainability of Arabica Coffee (Coffee Arabica L.) in Timor Leste

Abstract

Between January 2021 and January 2022, research was conducted in Timor Leste's Liquica, Ermera, and Ainaro districts, representing lowland, moderate plains, and highland regions, respectively. The study aimed to identify ecological aspects of Arabica coffee cultivation and assess Timor Leste's sustainability and environmental politics. Using a case study method, the research employed mixed-methods, combining qualitative and quantitative approaches. Purposive sampling selected respondents from a pool of 180 coffee producers. The findings revealed a need for development and support for farmers, especially those aged 51 to 56, where 30% completed only elementary school. The political and ecological study significantly influenced social, community, and product responsibility factors (p < α 0.01) and had a considerable impact on environmental factors (p < α 0.05). However, labor and economic elements showed minimal impact. This research sheds light on crucial aspects of coffee cultivation sustainability in Timor Leste.