The Performance of Agricultural Extension Workers on Empowerment and Independent Smallholder Farmer in Riau Province, Indonesia

: The difference between the production and productivity of smallholders with private estates describe that the extension is still not carry out the role of extension in accordance with Act No 16 of 2006 or that known as SP3K. This will certainly have an impact on performance and memandirikan educator in empowering farmers. Performance can be seen how the extension educator preparation, implementation and evaluation and reporting on the role of counseling was run. The limited number of extension workers to meet one on one village extension will result in the workload becomes larger extension. This study aims to analyze: (1) The performance of agricultural extension; (2) The level of farmer empowerment, and (3) Independence of farmers in the cultivation of rubber and oil palm. Research methods using ex post facto , (analyze and assess the factual events that occurred on the field), with a sample of 240 farmers (120 smallholders and 120 rubber farmers from four districts in Riau province. Analysis using the Scale Likert’s Summated Rating (SLR). The results of the study illustrate that the extension has been conducting outreach with good especially in preparatory education. Activities undertaken have made quite helpless farmers, but farmers still unable to act independently plantations in doing farming oil palm and rubber. Based on our research, it is suggested extension workers to improve their performance in the extension program, for farmers to improve the quality of human resources and productive economic business for rubber and oil palm commodities, and the government should make efforts to improve the farmers’ marketing institutions to reduce the dependence of farmers on toke.


Introduction
Agricultural revitalization implemented through agricultural development that emphasizes the growth of agribusiness ventures, both in the upstream, on-farm, and downstream as well as business support services (Decree of SKKNI Agriculture, 2010).
The quality of human resources is still low and causes of low agricultural productivity generated. This fact also seen in the production and productivity of plantations, especially oil palm and rubber produced in the Riau Province. Human resources development (HRD) is important in agriculture extension to transfer technology and knowledge from agricultural research centres to farmers. Improving human resource development (HRD) within rural community is essential for agriculture and community development. Extension workers are professionals in the extension system responsible for developing individuals in the community (Khalil et al, 2008).
The success of extension workers to empowering and establishing the farmers is determined by various factors, especially the factors that will influence the extension workers (such as characteristics, independence, and social system) of the extension workers, motivation of extension, the competence of extension, and the role which has been run extension in their duties. All these factors will describe the performance extension that will be imaged on the planning, implementation, and evaluation related to the extension workers duties. In fact an extension workers is responsible for two until four guided vil-  This study aims to assess: a) What was the performance extension in preparing extension activities, b) Is the extension has been carrying out activities properly instructed, and c) Is the extension is already evaluating and reporting extension activities that have been implemented.

Method
This research is a survey research.
Survey research conducted by the method of analysis design ex post facto, to analyze and assess the factual events that occurred on the field (Nazir, 2003). The choice of  (Sugiyono, 2011). The range of scores on the performance extension, empowerment and Independence of farmers amounted to 0.79 (Table 3).   David and Samuel (2014) said that the role of extension in the 21 century should be that of the sustainers, catalysts, agency of empowerment, human infrastructure, contextualizes synergists', and collaborators.

Results and Discussion
Extension services should also re-appraise its work periodically and modify its programs to suit the changing conditions. The performance of "is the real behavior displayed by everyone as the resulting performance by a person in accordance with its role". Siman can be seen in Table 4. Table 4 illustrates that agricultural extension is already preparing with excellent outreach activities that will be implemented is shown with an average score of 4.58. Very good preparation counseling conducted by the extension due to: 1) In accordance with the duties and functions as the extension, has an obligation to prepare and report maps and the potential of the working area in each year, which in some areas is associated or connected with the professional allowance as educator will paid, 2) the success or performance extension will be drawn from the  increasing productivity agricultural farmers.
The performance of educator in the implementation of the extension can be seen in Table 5. Table 5 shows the performance of educator in the implementation of agricultural extension in Riau Province has been "Pretty On the other hand the ability to develop economic institutions farmers must be increased again by educator.

The performance extension in evaluation and reporting
Evaluation is a process to determine the relevance, efficiency, effectiveness, and impact of extension activities that have been carried out in accordance with the objectives to be achieved systematically and objectively. The purpose of the evaluation are: 1) to   Table 6.  reports, quarterly and semi annual reports and annual reports.

Recapitulation of the performance of agricultural extension
Farmers are at the forefront as the  Table 7.  Besides, an educator is also required to conduct evaluations and reporting.   Province can be seen from the productive economy are presented in Table 9.   In terms of non-profit farmer planters still less powerful because it has not been able to increase profits plantation business is done optimally. This is because farmers have not been able to increase the area of land managed, business productivity is still low due to limited skills in managing land and role, which must be executed properly (Mardikanto, 2009). Institutional empowerment of farmers can be seen in Table 10.   Table   11.

Independence Smallholders Governmental Pattern
Farmer independence became very important in this global era to the opening of outside influences greatly to farm products.
In order to improve the competitiveness of the product farming, then the strategy of extension to developing human resources (HR) agriculture upcoming redirected so that they can be more independent in carrying out their farming, which is characterized by its ability to make decisions farming critically, improve the efficiency of utilization of available resources, and increase work productivity.
Farmer independence became very important in this global era to the opening of outside influences greatly to farm products.
In order to improve the competitiveness of the product farming, then the strategy of ex-tension to developing human resources (HR) agriculture upcoming redirected so that they can be more independent in carrying out their farming, which is characterized by its ability to make decisions farming critically, improve the efficiency of utilization of available resources, and increase work productivity. (Lestari, 2011).
Farmer independence to take decisions in the selection of commodities namely the ability of farmers to choose the type of commodity sought. More details are presented in It is seen that the influence of the other parties was decisive for farmers in choosing the type of commodity sought. Independence decision-making in the fulfillment of the means of production, ie the ability of farmers to access agricultural inputs, as seen from the basic consideration in the fulfillment of the means of production and those involved in the process of fulfilling the means of production. For more details can be seen in Table 13.   Independence of decision-making in determining the ability of farmers in determining the price of the commodity produced for the market as seen from a consideration in determining the price and the parties involved in the pricing process, which can be seen in Table 14.  The independence to make decisions in marketing,in the ability of farmers to develop their farming produce market, which is described by the marketing of farming, the benefits and savings from the farm. For more details can be seen in Table 15.  means of production, in pricing and marketing are presented in Table 16.   Various aid have also been carried out starting from subsidies with production facilities, direct capital assistance, farm loans, and so forth that number is very diverse. But there are still some farmers are still low income, they depend on a variety of assistance, and they are always thinking has not been able to move on their own in carrying out their farming. This is in accordance with the opinion of Lestari (2011) that the programs of agricultural extension has been running, has not been able to optimally help the farmers to improve their living standards, and to encourage farmers to find a solution to their own problems in carrying out their farming.

Conclusions
The performance of educator in conducting outreach to non-plantation workers have good pattern with a score of 3.41. Extension Agent has been doing preparatory extension very well with a score of 4.58, but the performance educator to the implementation of the extension is still at a low level compared to the preparation and evaluation of performance reporting.
Extension activities on the plantation farmers who do make the educator educator quite helpless with a score of 2.76. Quite helpless farmers especially at the institutional farmers, but the human resources and productive economy is still less powerful farmers. This is because the extension has not been able to improve their skills, so that productivity and farmers' income remains below the average farmers.